Looms in Weaving: Essential Tools for Creating Quality Fabrics in Fashion and Industry

a) Automatic Loom

A loom on which the shuttles or pirns are changed automatically.

b) Circular Loom

A loom on which the shuttles travel simultaneously on a circular path through a wave shed (q.v.)

c) Shuttle Loom

A loom that uses a shuttle (q.v.) to insert the weft.

d) Shuttleless Loom

A loom in which the weft is drawn from a stationary supply and is inserted by means other than a shuttle.

There are three main types of shuttleless looms:

1. Gripper-Projectile loom in which the weft thread is taken through the shed by a projectile fitted with a jaw that grips the end of the weft thread during insertion of the pick.

2. Jet Loom in which the weft thread is taken through the shed by a jet of liquid or air.

NOTE:

Because of the nature of these weft insertion methods, the weft yarn in the fabric is in lengths of one or two picks.Consequently, means are usually provided for forming acceptable edges.

a. The Plain Weave: Consists of one thread over and one thread under. This type is found in sheeting.

b. The Twill Weave: Has each warp thread passing over two or more filling threads, with the interlacing advancing one thread on successive warps. This type, with its "diagonal line", is found in denims.

c. The Satin Weave: Has few interlacings widely but regularly spaced, resulting in a a lustrous "right" side and dull back. This type is found in dress goods.