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Uneven absorbtion of wood stain due to changing directions of the wood grain at the surface. Some woods such as pine, cherry and maple are prone to blotch. This is sometimes confused with "figure" where there is a variation in the wood tones when finished. The former is normally a defect and the latter is not. You can prevent blotch by pre-sealing the wood with a "spit-coat" (thinned) coat of shellac, "wood conditioner", use of dye instead of pigment, or by using a gel stain that has

A term denoting a group of materials in which the polyamide fibres are altered through the application of steam. In this way, the fibres swell up, which makes them softer, while retaining their...

The bias direction of a piece of woven fabric, usually referred to simply as 'the bias', is at 45 degrees to its warp and weft threads. Every piece of woven fabric has two biases, perpendicular to...

A process in which Teflon is chemically bonded to a fabric at a molecular level to create a water repellent and stain resistant finish. It is highly effective in that it does not change the hand or...

Garters are items of clothing worn around the thighs. They are normally just a few inches in width. They often contain small bells and/or ribbons. In the 19th and 20th centuries, they were used to...

A process of passing cloths between one or more rollers (or calenders), usually under carefully controlled heat and pressure, to produce a variety of surface effects or textures in a fabric such as...