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A component in cotton of trash (q.v.) in the form of a heterogeneous assortment of vegetable fragments, most of them being small pieces of leaf, leaf bract (a small form of leaf growing beneath the boll) and stalk. "Broken fragments of twig and small branches, particularly when brittle, may be broken up further in ginning and are then also regarded as "chaff". Another component of chaff is the silvery lining of the boll interior, sometimes termed "shale", particularly the partitions dividing the locules before the boll opens."

Lightweight reflecting material, typically consisting of aluminum foil strips or metal-coated fibers, that is released in the atmosphere to produce radar echoes. Initially developed as a military countermeasure, chaff is used in meteorological research to enable tracking of air motions in conditions with no natural airborne scatterers or to provide stronger echoes than those from natural scatterers.

A rotation, usually lateral, between different panels of a garment resulting from the release of latent stresses during laundering of the woven or knitted fabric forming the garment. Twist may also...

A basic stitch used in weft knitting, which produces knit fabrics that have the same appearance on both sides. The purl stitch is frequently used in combination with the jersey and rib stitches to...

The kilt is seen as an item of traditional Scottish Highland dress, although the origin of that tradition is more recent than is commonly believed. It was only with the Romantic Revival of the 19th...

A woven fabric construction made by interlacing two or more sets of warp yarns with two or more sets of filling yarns. The most common double weave fabrics are made using a total of either four or...

Formation of a non-woven fabric by suspending fibers in water to disperse them evenly. The suspension is poured onto a moving screen allowing the water to pass through and leaving a fiber web, which...