Last Updated on: 06-Apr-2024 (3 months, 21 days ago)
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Calico is a type of plain-woven textile fabric that is made from unbleached and un-dyed cotton fibers. It is a lightweight and durable fabric that is commonly used for a variety of different applications, including clothing, bed linens, and home decor.
The name "calico" is derived from the city of Calicut (now known as Kozhikode) in southern India, which was a major center for cotton production and trade during the 11th century. Calico was originally imported to Europe from India in the 17th century, where it quickly became popular due to its affordability, durability, and versatility.
Calico is typically made from a plain weave construction, which consists of a simple over-and-under pattern of warp and weft threads. This gives the fabric a smooth and even surface that is ideal for printing and dyeing. Calico is also known for its soft and breathable properties, making it a comfortable choice for clothing and other types of textiles.
In India, calico is still produced using traditional methods in many regions, including Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. These regions are known for their vibrant and intricate hand-block printed designs, which are created using wooden blocks that are carved with intricate patterns. The fabric is then dyed in a variety of different colors to create unique and eye-catching designs.
Some of the top Indian manufacturers and users of calico fabric include:
Arvind Limited: Arvind Limited is one of the largest textile manufacturers in India, and produces a wide range of different fabrics, including calico. The company has a strong focus on sustainability, and uses eco-friendly production methods to reduce its environmental impact.
Welspun India: Welspun India is another major textile manufacturer that produces calico and other types of fabrics. The company is known for its innovative and sustainable production methods, and has won several awards for its commitment to environmental stewardship.
Kalamkari: Kalamkari is a traditional form of hand-block printing that is commonly used to create intricate designs on calico and other types of cotton fabrics. This art form has been practiced in India for centuries, and is still widely used today to create beautiful and unique textiles.
Fabindia: Fabindia is a popular retailer of traditional Indian textiles, including calico. The company works with local artisans and producers to create unique and sustainable products, and has a strong focus on supporting local communities and preserving traditional crafts.
In conclusion, calico is a versatile and durable fabric that is commonly used for a variety of different applications, including clothing and home decor. It has a long and rich history in India, and is still produced using traditional methods in many regions. Some of the top Indian manufacturers and users of calico fabric include Arvind Limited, Welspun India, Kalamkari, and Fabindia, all of whom are committed to sustainable and ethical production practices.
Cotton fabric with a low-count, plain weave. It originated in Calcutta, India, and is one of the oldest cottons. Calico is rather coarse and light in weight. The pattern is printed on one side by discharge or resist printing so it generally isn't color fast. It is often sized for crispness but washes out and requires starch each time. Designs are often geometric in shape, but originally elaborate designs of birds, trees, and flowers. Calico is usually inexpensive and similar to percale. Very little true calico is on the market to-day, but the designs are still in use on other fabrics and sold as 'calico print'.
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Fashion designer Gareth Pugh began his career as a costume designer for the National Youth Theatre.